|
In sumo wrestling, a is an organization of sumo wrestlers where they train and live. It can also be termed ''sumo-beya''. All wrestlers in professional sumo must belong to one. There are currently 43 ''heya'' (as of October 2015),〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.sumo.or.jp/en/sumo_data/sumo_beya/ )〕 all of which belong to one of six ''ichimon'' (groupings of heya). They vary in size, with the largest ''heya'' having over thirty wrestlers and smallest just two. Most ''heya'' are based in and around the Ryōgoku district of Tokyo, sumo's traditional heartland, although the high price of land has led to some newer ''heya'' being built in other parts of Tokyo or its suburbs. Most ''heya'' have a network of scouts, who may be former wrestlers themselves, friends of the head coach, or supporters of the ''heya'', who keep a look out for any powerful or athletic young men and follow the results of local sumo (and judo) competitions. Most new recruits join at the age of 15 or 16, straight from junior high school. A wrestler is expected to stay with the ''heya'' he joins until the end of his career. There is no transfer system in sumo. The only exceptions are if the coach who originally scouted him leaves to found a new ''heya'', in which case he might be permitted to follow him, or if a ''heya'' shuts down due to retirement or death of the stablemaster, mismanagement or financial reasons, the remaining wrestlers are often permitted to transfer to another ''heya'', usually within the same ''ichimon''. ''Heya'' may only be set up by an ''oyakata'' or elder of the Japan Sumo Association. A ''heya'' is always named after its founding ''oyakatas elder title. An elder is obligated to retire and pass on ownership of a ''heya'' at age 65. When a new ''oyakata'' who has not inherited the retiree's elder name takes over a ''heya'', the name of the ''heya'' is generally changed the new owner's elder name to reflect this. Further ''oyakata'' may be attached to the stable. In September 2006 the Sumo Association tightened the rules on opening up new stables. Now only ''oyakata'' who spent at least 25 tournaments ranked in ''san'yaku'' or 60 tournaments in the top ''makuuchi'' division may do so. The criteria for inheriting an existing ''heya'' are much less strict – the former Kanechika, for example was able to take over Miyagino stable despite having never fought in the top division at all, as only 12 ''makuuchi'' or 20 ''jūryō'' basho are needed. A special rule dictates that wrestlers from the same ''heya'' never fight each other in a main tournament, except in playoffs for a ''yūshō'' or divisional championship. This notably worked to the advantages of brothers Takanohana and Wakanohana in recent years, as although they both achieved the top rank of ''yokozuna'', they never had to fight each other (one playoff bout in 1995 excepted) as they both belonged to the Futagoyama stable. Also attached to a ''heya'' are ''tokoyama'' (hairdressers), ''gyōji'' (referees), and ''yobidashi'' (ushers). When used as a suffix, ''heya'' is usually pronounced ''beya'' due to a Japanese phonological tendency called ''rendaku'', e.g. the stable called ''Kokonoe'' is called ''Kokonoe-beya''. == See also == * List of sumo stables - a list of active heyas. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Heya (sumo)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|